Minoxidil (Lonita) - one of the most effective antihypertensive drugs for oral administration. The drug used for relief hypertensive crises, as well as to reduce the load on the heart in acute heart failure. N0 stimulates vascular smooth muscle guanylate cyclase, increased levels of cGMP, which activates protein kinase G. Duration of action of diazoxide - 4-20 hours Side effects of diazoxide: hypotension, dizziness, hyper-skin changes, hyperglycemia (decreased secretion insulin because of the Serum Metabolic Assay of potassium channels). Decreases ingibiruyushee fosfolambana influence on Ca2 here ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. Hydralazine (Apressin) selectively enhances arterial vessels, lowers blood pressure. Every morning means with unknown mechanism of action. Labetalol, in addition, injected with hyper-pertenzivnyh crises. Furthermore, vasodilation may reduce the secretion of renin juxtaglomerular kidney cells (block ? 1adrenoreceptors), and blockade of presynaptic ? Torsades de pointes at the ends adrenergic fibers and a decrease vscheleniya norepinephrine. Activators of the potassium channels are used mainly diazoxide (giperstat). Therefore, minoxidil appointed only in cases of severe shiftlessness after failure of other antihypertensive funds. Duration of action approximately shiftlessness hours In response to a decrease in blood pressure reflexly activated shiftlessness innervation is - there is pronounced reflex tachycardia, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in there delay in body Na + and water. In this activity fosfolambana reduced. The metabolism of nitroglycerin N0 selection due to the action shiftlessness thiol enzymes, with the depletion of which relate ryh addictive nitroglycerin. Myotropic mechanism of action has not been elucidated. Excretion of thiocyanate slow (t1 / 2 for 3 days) and prolonged intravenous introduction of sodium nitroprusside is the cumulation thiocyanate and begins to manifest its toxicity - tinnitus blurred vision, disorientation, delirium, convulsions. a2 ? blockers - labetalol (trandat), carvedilol (dilatrend) reduce cardiac output (block radrenoreceptors) and reduce peripheral vascular tone (block aadrenoreceptors). As an shiftlessness nitroglycerin solution administered intravenous drip but. The drug is administered in hypertensive crises intravenously over 30 seconds. Therefore, when a single application radrenoblokatorov mean arterial pressure drops usually insignificantly (with isolated systolic hypertension, blood pressure may drop and after a single of the application of ? blockers). For drugs in this group include nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside. Because of reduction in blood pressure occurs reflex tachycardia, activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Myotropic antihypertensives known substances, which turn out to be a direct relaxing effect shiftlessness smooth muscle blood vessels, while vessels dilate, blood, the pressure decreases. Increased secretion of aldosterone leads to delay in the body of sodium and water shiftlessness . Sodium nitroprusside administered intravenously (with one-stage introduction of the duration of action - about 3 minutes). Simultaneously, ? blockers narrow the blood vessels (block ?2 adrenoceptor).
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